The main difference between chemical and mineral (aka physical) sunscreens lies in how they protect your skin and their active ingredients.
☀️ Mineral Sunscreens (aka Physical Sunscreens)
How they work:
Sit on top of your skin and physically block or reflect UV rays.
Active ingredients:
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Zinc oxide
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Titanium dioxide
Pros:
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Start working immediately after application
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Gentler on sensitive or acne-prone skin
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Less likely to irritate eyes
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Reef-safe (if formulated without harmful additives)
Cons:
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Can leave a white cast, especially on deeper skin tones
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May feel heavier or chalkier
🔬 Chemical Sunscreens
How they work:
Absorb UV rays and convert them into heat, which is then released from the skin.
Common ingredients:
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Avobenzone
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Oxybenzone
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Octinoxate
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Octocrylene
Pros:
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Often more lightweight and invisible on the skin
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Easier to formulate with added skincare ingredients (hydrators, antioxidants)
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Great under makeup
Cons:
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Can sting eyes or cause irritation for sensitive skin
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Need to apply 15–30 minutes before sun exposure
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Some ingredients are not reef-safe (e.g., oxybenzone)
🧴 Which should you choose?
| Your Concern | Best Option |
|---|---|
| Sensitive or reactive skin | Mineral sunscreen |
| Darker skin tone | Chemical (or tinted mineral) |
| Wearing under makeup | Chemical or lightweight mineral |
| Going to the beach / reef | Reef-safe mineral sunscreen |