Stress can significantly affect fertility in both women and men through a variety of physiological and

 

Stress can significantly affect fertility in both women and men through a variety of physiological and behavioral mechanisms. Here’s how:

In Women:

1. Hormonal Disruption:
   Stress increases cortisol and adrenaline, which can interfere with the hormones responsible for ovulation (especially GnRH – gonadotropin-releasing hormone). This can lead to:

   • Irregular menstrual cycles

   • Delayed or absent ovulation (anovulation)

   • Changes in luteal phase (affecting implantation)

2. Impact on IVF Success:
   High stress levels have been associated with lower success rates during assisted reproductive treatments like IVF, although results vary among individuals.

3. Behavioral Changes:
   Stress can lead to:

   • Poor sleep

   • Changes in eating habits

   • Reduced libido

   • Less frequent intercourse

In Men:

1. Sperm Quality:
   Chronic stress can reduce testosterone levels and impair sperm production, motility, and morphology.

2. Erectile Dysfunction:
   Psychological stress can contribute to performance anxiety and erectile issues, affecting the chances of conception.

3. Lifestyle Choices:
   Men under stress might smoke, drink, or adopt unhealthy behaviors, further impairing fertility.