Teenage acne is mainly caused by hormonal changes during puberty, but several other factors can contribute.

 

Teenage acne is mainly caused by hormonal changes during puberty, but several other factors can contribute. Here's a breakdown:

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🧪 Main Causes of Teenage Acne

1. Hormones (Androgens)

   • During puberty, androgens (like testosterone) increase and cause sebaceous glands to produce more oil (sebum).

   • Excess oil mixes with dead skin cells, clogging pores.

2. Clogged Pores

   • Dead skin cells don’t shed properly and get trapped in the pores, creating whiteheads and blackheads.

3. Bacteria (Cutibacterium acnes)

   • These bacteria live on the skin and thrive in clogged, oily pores, leading to inflammation and pimples.

4. Inflammation

   • The immune system reacts to clogged pores and bacteria, causing redness, swelling, and pus.

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🧴 Other Contributing Factors

• Genetics – If a parent had acne, it’s more likely the teen will too.

• Oily or irritating skincare/makeup products – These can block pores (look for “non-comedogenic” labels).

• Poor hygiene or overwashing – Not cleansing enough can lead to buildup, but overwashing can irritate skin.

• Diet (possibly) – Some studies suggest dairy and high-glycemic foods (like sugar and white bread) may trigger breakouts in some teens.

• Stress – Can worsen acne by increasing inflammation and oil production.

• Sweat and friction – From sports gear, tight clothing, or hats (“acne mechanica”).